{"id":1685,"date":"2018-12-31T13:02:32","date_gmt":"2018-12-31T13:02:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/blog.remarkomrsoftware.com\/?p=1685"},"modified":"2025-05-15T14:35:06","modified_gmt":"2025-05-15T14:35:06","slug":"start-using-remark-2018","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/start-using-remark-2018\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0631\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0643 \u0641\u064a 2018"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0627\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 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class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/start-using-remark-2018\/#3-_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86\" >3-\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/start-using-remark-2018\/#4-_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86\" >4-\u00a0\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/start-using-remark-2018\/#5-_%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7\" >5-\u00a0\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 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href=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/start-using-remark-2018\/#9-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9\" >9-\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\r\n<h2 style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"1-_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%B1%D9%81%D8%A9\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><strong>1-\u00a0<span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.um.edu.sa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1682 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/AlMaarefa_Colleges_Outdoor_1-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"960\" height=\"540\" srcset=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/AlMaarefa_Colleges_Outdoor_1-1.jpg 960w, https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/AlMaarefa_Colleges_Outdoor_1-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/AlMaarefa_Colleges_Outdoor_1-1-768x432.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u0642\u0639 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062e\u0635\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645. \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2009 (1430 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627) \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0645\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0641\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0630\u0628 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0630\u0648 \u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"2-_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>2-\u00a0<a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.kau.edu.sa\/Home.aspx\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1967 (1387 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0627\u0637\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0643\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 7 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u062f\u0631<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u0645\u062c\u0644\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0636\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0639\u0651\u0628 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0623\u0639\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0647\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0633 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0628\u0644\u063a \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 180000 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0629. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 24 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0638\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062c\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0631\u0627\u0647. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"3-_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D9%86%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>3-\u00a0<a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nu.edu.sa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1681 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/layout_icon.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"702\" height=\"351\" srcset=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/layout_icon.jpg 702w, https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/layout_icon-300x150.jpg 300w, https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/layout_icon-660x330.jpg 660w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 702px) 100vw, 702px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u0623\u064f\u0646\u0634\u0626\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2006 (1427 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627) \u0628\u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u0640\u062f\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 &#8211; \u0631\u062d\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647. \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0628\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0642\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 18 \u0645\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0628\u0639. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u0636\u0645 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 14 \u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0648\u062f\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u00a0\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0639 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"4-_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A3%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>4-\u00a0<\/strong><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"http:\/\/aswu.edu.eg\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><strong>\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646<\/strong> <\/span><\/a><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1974 \u0643\u0641\u0631\u0639 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0637\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u062c\u0646\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062f\u064a. \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2012\u060c \u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0630 \u0630\u0644\u0643 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\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062d\u062c\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0647\u0627. \u0641\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u063a\u0637\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0636\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u062f\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 700 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0648\u0623\u062d\u062f\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"7-_%D9%85%D8%A4%D8%B3%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%B9%D8%A8%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B2_%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%87_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%85%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9_%D9%85%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A8%D8%A9\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>7-\u00a0<a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.mawhiba.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 (\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629)<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0632\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 (\u0648\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0625\u0633\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1999 (1419 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627). \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0631\u0628\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0648\u0631\u0639\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 85000 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0630 \u062a\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0633\u0647\u0627. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0639\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u0647\u0645. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0639\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0647\u0648\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0645. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"8-_%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3_%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>8-\u00a0<a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/www.tis.edu.sa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062b\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1680 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/58496a03874e8.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"800\" height=\"364\" srcset=\"https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/58496a03874e8.jpg 800w, https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/58496a03874e8-300x137.jpg 300w, https:\/\/remarkomrsoftware.com\/ar\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/12\/58496a03874e8-768x349.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062b\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2000 (1421 \u0647\u062c\u0631\u064a\u064b\u0627). \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0628\u064a\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645 \u0643\u062a\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0647\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0631\u064a\u0627\u0636\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629. \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0633 \u062b\u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0647\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0644\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"9-_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%87%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A_%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B8%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9\"><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 12pt; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif; color: #0000ff;\"><strong>9-\u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"direction: rtl;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: 'times new roman', times, serif;\">\u064a\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0641\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2005. \u064a\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0648\u0646\u0638\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a 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